Uji Daya Hasil dan Penampilan Galur Mutan Harapan Sorgum Manis di Citayam, Bogor

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) including cereals is also called a multipurpose plant because the seeds can be used as a food, industrial materials such as flour, starch. In addition, the stems and leaf can be used as ruminant animal feed and the stem biomass is squeezed to produce juice for the bioenergy raw material (bioethanol) and fresh drinks. However, sorghum is not originated from Indonesia, therefore, genetic diversity is limited. The efforts to improve and increase the genetic diversity are carried by mutation breeding. At the Center for Research and Technology Radiation Process (PRTPR), Nuclear Energy Research Organization (ORTN), National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). Research objective is to obtain mutants with superior characteristics of growth and yield, better than the original parent. Sweet sorghum plant breeding research using induced mutation technique using gamma rays sourced from Cobalt-60 to improve agronomic characteristics and quality. A number 9 promising mutant lines GH1, GH2, GH3, GH5, GH6, GH7, GH9, GH10 dan GH38, were included as 3 controls plant namely Cty-43 (parent), Samurai 1 and Numbu varieties (national control). Grown during drought season 2020 of BB-Balitbiogen located in Citayam, Bogor. Data measurements were callected for several agronomic characters including grain yield, analyzed by using ANOVA softwares SAS method versi 9.1. The results showed GH9 mutant line highest grains yield (9.87 t/ha), GH10 highest biomass production (64.83 t/ha) and GH1 the highest (12.53% brix) significantly higher than the 3 controls have yields 6.22, 7.22 and 7.89 t/ha grains, 41.36, 44.40 and 52.33 t/ha biomass and 8.96, 9.00 and 11.32 % brix sugar content.