SURVEI SEBARAN DAN TINGKAT SERANGAN PENGGEREK BUAH KAKAO DAN BUSUK BUAH KAKAO DI KABUPATEN JAYAPURA

Abstract

Cocoa is one of the important plantation commodities in supporting the Indonesian economy, but the last few years have shown a decline in production. The cause of the decline in production is the lack of maintenance of cocoa plants which results in many plants being attacked by pests and diseases and has an impact on decreasing the quality and quantity of cocoa. This study aims to determine the distribution and level of attack of the cocoa pod borer and cocoa pod rot in Jayapura District. The research was conducted by direct observation on people's cocoa fields in cocoa planting centers in Jayapura Regency, namely Yapsi District, Nimbokrang District, and Namblong District in September - October 2020. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling method by taking 10% sample plants. Each district selected three farmers as sample farmers in different villages. The results showed that the highest cocoa pod borer attack occurred in Nimbokrang District, Bunyom Village with an attack intensity of 76%, the percentage of damaged beans was 75.72% and yield loss was 7.60%. The lowest incidence of cocoa pod borer attack was found in SP 5, Yapsi District with an attack intensity of 8.89%, damaged beans 14.13% and yield loss 0.87%. The highest borer attack was on cocoa pods located on secondary branches. The highest attack of cocoa pod rot occurred in SP 4, Yapsi District with an attack intensity of 93.33% and the percentage of fruit being attacked by 93.33%. The lowest incidence of pod rot was found in Rephang Muaib, Nimbokrang District, with an intensity of attack of 9,72% and the percentage of fruit being attacked by 12,50%.