Kajian Keragaan Komponen Hasil dan Produktivitas Dua Varietas Jagung yang Ditanam Secara Legowo dan Cara Petani di Kabupaten Buleleng

Abstract

Maize is considered as a potential commodity to support food diversification as an alternative staple food due to its nutritional content, especially carbohydrates and protein, which are tend to equal to the rice and its high production level. The  citizen of Buleleng consume maize as their daily staple food other than rice. This condition indirectly necessitates abundant maize production in this region which has the largest of harvest area in Bali however it was not as same as with its productivity particularly due to the un-optimum cultivation technical. Research about superior maize varieties has not been widely carried out in Bali, especially in the Buleleng Regency as the largest producer of maize production in Bali. Therefore, this study aims to examine the yield component performance and productivity of two superior maize varieties planted by using the legowo planting system and the habits of farmers in Buleleng Regency. Research was conducted in Gerokgak Village, Gerokgak District, Buleleng Regency, Bali Province from May to August 2019 which was built using Randomized Block Design with 4 treatments using two superior maize varieties namely Nasa-29 and Pulut Uri cultivated by legowo and farmer's habits planting system repeated 4 times. Results showed that the Nasa-29 variety has cobs with the characteristics of cob length, number of rows per cob, number of seeds per cob and weight of 1000 seeds are higher than the Pulut Uri variety, both planted by legowo and farmers' habits planting system. Differences in spacing/planting systems give the same effect on cob weight, number of rows per cob, seed weight per cob and productivity of Pulut Uri variety, but significantly affect to cob length, number of seeds per row and cob diameter. Meanwhile, the different planting systems in the Nasa-29 variety had a significant effect to almost all observed cob characteristics except for the number of rows per cob. The highest maize productivity was produced by the Nasa-29 variety. Differences in cropping systems and varieties have significantly effect to maize productivity. The Nasa-29 variety showed a more tolerant response to the cob borer pest and cob rot disease. Planting with legowo tends to reduce the intensity of pest and disease attacks compared to farmers' methods.