Persilangan Dialel Penuh pada Beberapa Genotipe Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Abstract

Melon productivity in Indonesia can be increased through the use of hybrid varieties. In order to obtain superior hybrids, information on general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) is needed as a guide in selecting parents and combinations of superior crosses effectively and efficiently and to obtain the necessary information about the action of genes controlling plant traits. The aim of this study was to estimate the combining ability and gene action of melon crosses using full dialelic crosses. The research was conducted at the Greenhouse of Brawijaya University, Karangploso District, Malang Regency. The genetic material used was five melon parents {ACD211303 (1), ACD211254 (2), ACD221362 (3), ACD231380 (4), ACD231265 (5) which were planted and crossed in full dialelic to produce F1 hybrids. This research was conducted by planting 25 melon genotypes in a randomized block design, repeated three times. The results of the analysis of variance showed significant differences for several growth characters, namely leaf length (cm), leaf width (cm), stem diameter (mm), plant length (cm) and flowering age (DAP). The analysis of SCA variants on the characters of leaf length, stem diameter, plant length and flowering age was higher than that of the DGU variant which indicated that non-additive gene action dominated the inheritance of most of the characters. Combining ability analysis showed that the mean square of general combining ability (GCA) was significantly good for all characters. The combination of 1x3, 1x4, 1x5, 2x5 and 3x4 crosses is a superior cross combination and deserves further consideration as a candidate for hybrid varieties.